Systems and methods for creating eyewear with multi-focal lenses

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods are disclosed for generating an eyewear frame and lens geometry that is customized to a user&#39;s anatomy and optimized for optical performance. One method includes receiving a configurable parametric model of a user-specific eyewear product comprising a frame portion and a lens portion, wherein geometric parameters of the configurable parametric model are based geometric features of a user&#39;s anatomy; receiving media data of a user, the media data including the user&#39;s response to visual cues; detecting the position of the user&#39;s eyes from the received media data; determining optical information of the user based on the detected position of the user&#39;s eyes; and generating an updated configurable parametric model by modifying the received configurable parametric model based on the determined optical information.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.62/145,862 filed Apr. 10, 2015, the entire disclosure of which is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF DISCLOSURE

Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally tocreating, manufacturing, and delivering products customized to a user'sspecific anatomy and posture.

BACKGROUND

Many personal products exist that one might want to have customized ormade as a one-of-a kind product tailored to a particular user. One suchpersonal product may include eyewear. Purchasing eyewear, while anecessity for many people, presents many challenges for consumers. Fortraditional in-store purchases, consumers are faced with limitedin-store selection, which often requires visiting multiple stores. Yetusers must explore a burdensome array of options to find a compromisebetween fit, style, color, shape, price, etc. Eyewear is most commonlymass-produced, with a particular style available in one or two genericcolors and sizes. Users' faces are unique enough that a face can be usedas a primary form of identification, yet they must choose betweenproducts made for a generic faces that are not their own. It is verydifficult for users to find the one perfect pair of glasses for theirunique taste, facial anatomy, and needs. They also often have difficultyvisualizing what they try on because they need an optical prescriptionin the first place.

Thus, there is a compelling need for methods and systems to allowgreater and more personalized customization of eyewear lenses andframes, more accurate modeling and preview, more automated or assistedeyewear selection and customization, more detailed measurements, andimproved methods to produce customized eyewear efficiently andeconomically to fulfill users' orders. In particular, ordering andcreating advanced multi-focal optics, e.g., bifocals, trifocals,progressive, or digitally compensated lenses, may involve moreinformation and as compared to standard single-vision optics in order toachieve desired benefits. These types of eyewear may be difficult toorder remotely or without excessive equipment, time, and expertiseneeded to properly take various measurements.

The foregoing general description and the following detailed descriptionare exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of thedisclosure.

SUMMARY

One method includes: receiving a configurable parametric model of auser-specific eyewear product comprising a frame portion and a lensportion, wherein geometric parameters of the configurable parametricmodel are based on geometric features of a user's anatomy; receivingmedia data of a user, the media data including the user's response tovisual cues; detecting the position of the user's eyes from the receivedmedia data; determining optical information of the user based on thedetected position of the user's eyes; and generating an updatedconfigurable parametric model by modifying the received configurableparametric model based on the determined optical information.

In accordance with another embodiment, a system for generating aparametric model of a user-specific eyewear product: a data storagedevice storing instructions for generating a parametric model of auser-specific eyewear product; and a processor configured for: receivinga configurable parametric model of a user-specific eyewear productcomprising a frame portion and a lens portion, wherein geometricparameters of the configurable parametric model are based geometricfeatures of a user's anatomy; receiving media data of a user, the mediadata including the user's response to visual cues; detecting theposition of the user's eyes from the received media data; determiningoptical information of the user based on the detected position of theuser's eyes; and generating an updated configurable parametric model bymodifying the received configurable parametric model based on thedetermined optical information.

In accordance with another embodiment, a non-transitory computerreadable medium for use on a computer system containingcomputer-executable programming instructions for performing a method forgenerating a parametric model of a user-specific eyewear product, themethod comprising: receiving a configurable parametric model of auser-specific eyewear product comprising a frame portion and a lensportion, wherein geometric parameters of the configurable parametricmodel are based geometric features of a user's anatomy; receiving mediadata of a user, the media data including the user's response to visualcues; detecting the position of the user's eyes from the received mediadata; determining optical information of the user based on the detectedposition of the user's eyes; and generating an updated configurableparametric model by modifying the received configurable parametric modelbased on the determined optical information.

Additional objects and advantages of the disclosed embodiments will beset forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will beapparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of thedisclosed embodiments. The objects and advantages of the disclosedembodiments will be realized and attained by means of the elements andcombinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description andthe following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory onlyand are not restrictive of the disclosed embodiments, as claimed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary system and network forgenerating an eyewear frame and lens geometry that is customized to auser's anatomy and optimized for optical performance, according to anexemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2A depicts an exemplary anatomic model, according to an embodimentof the present disclosure.

FIG. 2B depicts an exemplary parametric model of a user-specific eyewearproduct, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary fitting and/or preview of an eyewear frameto a multifocal lens, according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 4 depicts a detailed exemplary fitting of an eyewear frame to amultifocal lens, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 depicts a detailed exemplary relationship between lenses andframes for optical quality, according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 6 depicts an exemplary system for assessing a user's viewing habitsfor optical measurements and generating an eyewear frame and lensgeometry customized based on the user's viewing habits, according to anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 includes a visual depiction of an assessment of a user's viewinghabits, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 depicts a flowchart of an exemplary method of assessing a user'sviewing habits for optical measurements, according to an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 9 depicts a flowchart of an exemplary method of customizing aneyewear product based on the gathered optical information, according toan embodiment of the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of thedisclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be usedthroughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to systems and methods forcreating, manufacturing, and delivering products customized to the needsand preferences of an individual user by building the product from aspecification that is generated from automatic and/or user-guided,user-specific anatomic and preference profiles. Particular embodimentsof the present disclosure relate to systems and methods for generatingan eyewear frame and lens geometry that is customized to a user'sanatomy and optimized for optical performance.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure may include systems andmethods for generating eyewear for a specific individual. For example,the present disclosure may include systems and methods for producingcustomized eyewear by constructing a user's multi-focal or progressivelenses and frames in accordance with the user's anatomy and optimizedfor optical performance. For example, the frames may be shaped to alignwith, or mold or contour relative to a user's facial anatomy. In onescenario, the present disclosure may include generating or receiving amodel of the user's anatomy (e.g., facial anatomy), and building aconfigurable parametric model of eyewear frames that form to geometricfeatures of the model of the user's anatomy. In another example, thelenses of the eyewear may be shaped based on a user's opticalinformation. Optical information may include information thatcontributes to producing or procuring the user's ideal optical lens,e.g., prescription information (power, sphere, axis, centration, addpower, positioning, etc), lens type, lens material, lens tint, lensthickness, lens curvature, base curvature, lens size, optical designparameters (e.g., interpupillary distance for distance viewing,interpupillary distance for near vision, vertex distance, face wrap,eyewear and frame outline, segment height, optical height, etc.),corrective needs of the user (e.g., correction for astigmatism orpresbyopia), the user's viewing habits, etc. In one embodiment, opticalinformation may include information organized into multiple categories:information regarding how the lens fits in the frame (e.g., a change tothe parametric frame may correspondingly adjust the parametric lens,information regarding the optical parameters of the lens (independent ofthe shape of the frame), information on the lens (independent of theframe), digital progressive lens design parameters or principles,“position of wear” variables (e.g., variables that are a result of how aframe fits on the anatomic features of a user), etc.

Information regarding how the lens fits in the frame may include one ormore of the following: A size (width), B size (height), lenscircumference, distance between innermost point of the edged/cut profileof the left lens shape to the innermost point on the profile of theedged/cut right lens shape (DBL), frame wrap/base curve, traced outline(e.g., an actual 2D or 3D shape of the edged/cut contours of the lensthat may match corresponding lens holes in the frame, lens bevel orgroove type (and dimensions), lens bevel or groove positioning withinthe edged thickness (side) of the lens (e.g., distance or percentagefrom front surface of lens, base curve of bevel (e.g., follow lens ordeviations to ideal curve), etc.

Information regarding the optical parameters of the lens (independent ofthe shape of the frame) may include one or more of the following:prescription (e.g., power, sphere, axis, add power, etc.), lens type(e.g., single vision, bi-focal, tri-focal, progressive, etc.),centration (e.g., monocular interpupillary distance for distanceviewing, monocular interpupillary distance for near viewing (e.g.,reading), binocular interpupillary distance, etc.). Monocularinterpupillary distance may include the distance from each eye to thecenter plane of the nose. Monocular near pupillary distance (as opposedto binocular interpupillary distance) may yield information as to how auser biases their preferred reading position, e.g., with respect to theright and left eye. Some users may be more right-eye dominant, andactually prefer to read an object to the right of center. MonocularP_(d) may capture this user bias if it is measured while a user isreading an object located at their ideal reading location, for instance.

Information on the lens (independent of the frame) may include one ormore of the following: base curve, lens material (e.g., CR-39,polycarbonate, 1.60, Trivex, etc.), lens material index (e.g., 1.49,1.56, 1.60, etc.), center thickness, lens coatings (e.g.,anti-reflection, superhydroscopic, anti-scratch, anti-static, etc.),lens tinting, and/or other lens attributes (e.g., polarizing,photochromatic, blue light blocking, etc.).

Digital progressive lens design parameters or principles may include oneor more of the following: progressive lenses may be expected tointroduce unwanted peripheral distortion, certain lens designs may beoptimized for various use cases in order to optimize the optical designfor that use case at the expense of distortion in areas of the lens notused for that use case (e.g., a progressive lens for all-around use maybalance the design for both distance and reading, and a progressive lensfor mainly reading use may optimize the reading area at the expense ofdistance viewing, corridor length (e.g., length of the transition fromdistance to reading, where designs may be optimized to yield a lens whena long corridor is not possible (e.g., if the intended frame is not verytall)), etc.

“Position of Wear” variables may include one or more of the following:vertex distance (e.g., distance from back of the lens to the pupil asthe lens is positioned in the frame and the frame on the face of theuser), pantoscopic tilt (e.g., the downward tilt of the lens as it ispositioned in the frame and sitting on the face with respect to thepupil), frame wrap (e.g., the inward tilt of the lens as the lens ispositioned in the frame and as the frame is positioned on the face),optical height (e.g., vertical distance from bottom of the lens to theuser's pupil or iris), segment height (e.g., for a bifocal or trifocallens, the segment height may include the vertical distance from bottomof lens to top of the bifocal (or tri-focal) reading region. For aprogressive lens, the segment height may include the vertical distancefrom the bottom of the lens to the starting point of the transition fromdistance to reading. This height may be adjusted based on the desiredreading position of a user.), monocular distance (e.g., since left andright lenses may differ based on where a user's pupils and/or irises arewith response to the center of the user's nose), etc.

Advanced “digitally-compensated” progressive lens designs can adjust thefront and/or back surfaces of the lens in response to the “Position ofWear” variables, for instance, in order to optimize the opticalperformance of a lens (and reduce unwanted optical distortion) for agiven frame and user. But the compensation may be increased if the frameis adjusted to hold the lens in a non-optically-ideal position. Theremay be a limit to the amount of digital compensation that can beachieved. Certain frame shapes may restrict how well a resultant lenscan optically perform. For example, too small of a B-size (e.g., anarrow height of a lens) may often does not allow for a large enoughreading section for a bi-focal or progressive lens, or such a B-size mayentail a very short progressive corridor length. Likewise, the more theframe wrap, the more distortion may be introduced (or the more digitalcompensation may be desired in order to reduce said distortion).

By allowing the parametric adjustment of a frame in response to a lens,the disclosed systems and methods may adjust the frame to position thelens on the users face with the best optical performance. For example,the wrap and curve of a frame can be adjusted to correspond to the bestoptical design for a user. In one exemplary case, the pantoscopic tiltof the frame can be adjusted to position the angle of the lens ideally,given how the frame may sit on the face and given the user's preferredreading location. Alternately or in addition, the temple angles of theframe can be adjusted based on the base curve of the lens so the templesmay be correctly positioned with respect to the user's ears. If a userprefers to use a stock lens (e.g., to reduce cost), the disclosedsystems and methods may parametrically adjust a frame in order toposition the stock lens to achieve the best optical performance.

A user's viewing habits may include a facial location at which the userprefers to wear his or her glasses (e.g., whether a user prefers to wearglasses low on the bridge of their nose or high on the bridge of theirnose), the tilt through which a user looks at objects through thelenses, whether the user uses the glasses for focusing on close objects(e.g., during reading), distant objects (e.g., during sports), orvarying ranges (e.g., looking at dashboard signals and road signs whiledriving), etc. For instance, if a user regularly reads while lookingdown at an extreme angle, he or she may benefit from having a higherpantoscopic tilt, and/or a reading region that is positioned lower onthe lens, and/or lenses that are taller, and/or lenses positioned loweron the face. In the present disclosure, a frame may be customized toaccommodate taller lenses, and/or a frame geometry constructed toposition the lenses lower on the user's face, and/or a reading region ofthe lenses that is positioned low on the lenses. In another instance, ifa user's nose bridge is very low, he or she may have trouble seeingthrough the lenses at her desired reading position and distance becausenormal frames may position the optics too close to her face. In thepresent disclosure, the vertex distance of the customized product couldbe optimized to place the lenses at an ideal distance from the user'seyes.

In addition to describing exemplary systems and methods for generatingthe customized eyewear or generating models of the customized eyewear,the present disclosure also includes exemplary systems and methods forpresenting users with a preview of their customized eyewear. Suchpreviews may include displays of how the user may look while wearing theeyewear and/or displays of how the user may view objects while lookingthrough the lenses of the eyewear. In one embodiment, the displays mayinclude interactive displays, where the user may further modifygeometric, aesthetic, and/or optical aspects of the modeled anddisplayed eyewear.

The present disclosure also includes exemplary systems and methods forassessing a user's optical information and creating customized eyewearfor the user based on the determined optical information. For example,the present disclosure includes exemplary systems and methods forevaluating a user's viewing habits. In one embodiment, an assessment mayinclude providing a set of visual displays and analyzing the user'sresponse. In evaluating the user's response to various visual cues, theassessment may infer viewing habits and/or optical characteristics(e.g., line of sight distance, etc.) of the user. The present disclosurefurther includes systems and methods for determining parameters forcustomizing an eyewear product to suit the user's anatomic and opticalcomfort, based on the determined viewing habits and/or opticalcharacteristics. The present disclosure further includes systems andmethods for manufacturing the customized lenses and frames.

While the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described inconnection with creating, producing, and delivering custom eyewear, itwill be appreciated that the present disclosure involves the creation,production, and delivery of a wide variety of products that may relateto the anatomical or physical characteristics of the user as well as theuser's preferences for a particular product. It will be appreciated thatdescribing the disclosed embodiments in terms of the creation,production, and delivery of eyewear carries a large number ofsimilarities to the creation, production, and delivery of a wide varietyof products customized to the features and desires of the user. Whatfollows therefore describes the disclosed embodiments in terms ofeyewear, it being understood that the disclosure is not so limited.

The following descriptions are for explanatory purposes to help definethe breadth of words used herein. These definitions do not limit thescope of the disclosure, and those skilled in the art will recognizethat additional definitions may be applied to each category. By way ofdefinition as used herein, image data may include two-dimensional (2D)image(s), digital images, video, series of images, stereoscopic images,three-dimensional (3D) images, images acquired with standardlight-sensitive cameras, images acquired by cameras that may havemultiple lenses, images acquired by multiple independent cameras, imagesacquired with depth cameras, images acquired with laser, infrared, orother sensor modalities. Alternately or in addition, depth informationmay be received or derived from depth sensor(s) independent of imagecapture (e.g., depth data from a 3D point cloud with no image(s)associated).

In one embodiment, a depth sensor may include a sensor that captures 3Dpoint cloud data and may also create a mesh from said point clouds(absent image capture). In some instances, using depth sensor data alone(e.g., without image capture) may have various limitations. For example,depth data from a depth sensor, alone, may be unable to detect orprovide information on the center of a user's pupil. The depth sensormay provide a 3D point cloud data (or a mesh) that corresponds thesmooth curvature of the user's eyeball, but since the pupil has nodiscernible 3D features, depth information alone may fail to provide thelocation of the user's pupil. Meanwhile, image data (e.g., from an imagecapture device) may provide a position/location of a user's pupil, e.g.,by detecting the contrast difference between the white portion of theuser's eyeball and the dark pupil (or iris).

Some described exemplary systems and methods may include depth cameras,for instance, cameras that may operate combined depth sensors inconjunction with image sensors to capture a 3D point cloud, form a mesh,and/or apply a texture from the image data (e.g., to correctly paint aphysical final eyewear model). Alternately or in addition, the describedexemplary systems and methods may include depth cameras that may becombined with depth sensors and image sensors, which may output 2Dimages. In such images, each pixel may be associated with a depth value(e.g., a distance value from the camera). Outputs from either or both ofthese exemplary scenarios may be used in the described embodiments.

Various mobile devices (e.g., mobile phones) have (or may have) one ormore depth sensors and one or more image sensors, e.g., as independentsensors. In one embodiment, the disclosed systems and methods may detectinputs from each of the two types of sensors (e.g., depth sensors andimage sensors) and process the sensor data into data that may begenerated by a single integrated “depth camera.”

Computer systems may include tablets, phones, desktops, laptops, kiosks,servers, wearable computers, network computers, distributed or parallelcomputers, or virtual computers. Imaging devices may include single lenscameras, multiple lens cameras, depth cameras, depth sensors, lasercameras, infrared cameras, or digital cameras. Input devices includetouchscreens, gesture sensors, keyboards, mice, depth cameras, audiospeech recognition, and wearable devices. Displays may include panels,LCDs, projectors, 3D displays, 2D displays, heads-up displays, flexibledisplays, television, holographic displays, wearable displays, or otherdisplay technologies. Previewed images in the form of images, video, orinteractive renderings may include images of the user superimposed withproduct model images, images of the user superimposed with rendering ofproduct model, images of the anatomic and product models of the user,etc. Anatomic models, details, and dimensions may include length offeatures (e.g., length of nose), distance between features (e.g.,distance between ears), angles, surface area of features, volume offeatures, 2D contours of features (e.g., outline of wrist), 3D models offeatures (e.g., surface of nose or ear), 3D coordinates, 3D mesh orsurface representations, shape estimates or models, curvaturemeasurements, or estimates of skin or hair color definition, and/orestimates of environmental factors (e.g., lighting and surroundings).For example, disclosed embodiments may include analyzing a scene (e.g.,of image data), computing lighting of the scene, and renderingcustomized glasses lenses with the same lighting. In such a display, theglasses and lenses may be previewed in a display realistically mimickingthe image data. For example, a user may capture image data of himself orherself, and then preview a scene of himself or herself wearingcustomized glasses, as if looking in a mirror or watching footage ofhimself or herself, at the same scene as in the captured image data. Inone scenario, the embodiments may further include capturing thesurroundings (e.g., simultaneously, using the same image capture) ORsimultaneously capturing images from the REAR camera at the same timethat a front camera captures image data of the user. In the latterinstance, images from the rear camera may provide realistic reflectionsrendered on the lens that correspond to the environment in which thecapture was conducted. For example, if a user captures a video at thebeach, a preview may include a rendering of the beach not only behindthe user (captured as part of the images used to build the user 3D modeland then superimposed back on those images), but the preview may alsoinclude the beach reflected in the lenses.

A model or 3D model may include a point-cloud, parametric model, atexture-mapped model, surface or volume mesh, or other collection ofpoints, lines, and geometric elements representing an object.Manufacturing instructions may include step-by-step manufacturinginstructions, assembly instructions, ordering specifications, CAM files,g-code, automated software instructions, co-ordinates for controllingmachinery, templates, images, drawings, material specifications,inspection dimensions or requirements, etc. A manufacturing system mayinclude a computer system configured to deliver manufacturinginstructions to users and/or machines, a networked computer system thatincludes machines configured to follow manufacturing instructions, aseries of computer systems and machines that instructions aresequentially passed through, etc. Eyewear may include eyeglass frames,sunglass frames, frames alone, lenses alone, frames and lenses together,prescription eyewear (frames and/or lenses), non-prescription (piano)eyewear (frames and/or lenses), sports eyewear (frames and/or lenses),or electronic or wearable technology eyewear (frames and/or lenses).

A computer system may obtain an anatomic model of a user's anatomy. Theanatomic model may include but is not limited to a parametric or shapemodel, a 3D mesh or point cloud, or a set of points or measurements.

Referring now to the figures, FIG. 1 is a block diagram 100 of anexemplary system and network for generating an eyewear frame and lensgeometry that is customized to a user's anatomy and optimized foroptical performance, according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure. Specifically, FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary computer system101, in communication with an image capture device 103, a display 105,and a manufacturing system 107. In one exemplary embodiment, computersystem 101 may include but not be limited to a tablet, phone, desktop,laptop, kiosk, or wearable computer. The computer system 101 may furthercomprise server systems that may include storage devices for storingreceived images and data and/or processing devices for processingreceived image and data. In one embodiment, computer system 101 may bein communication with an image capture device 103. Image capture device103 may include but not be limited to a single-lens camera, videocamera, multi-lens camera, a multi-camera, IR camera, laser scanner,interferometer, etc. The image capture device is henceforth referred toas “camera”.

In one embodiment, computer system 101 may also be in communication witha display 105. The display 105 may include but is not be limited to LCDscreens, flexible screens, projections, holographic displays, 2Ddisplays, 3D displays, heads-up displays, or other display technologies.The computer system 101 may include an input device for controlling thecomputer system 101, including but not limited to a touchscreen,keyboard, mouse, track pad, or gesture sensor. The input device may bepart of the display 105 and/or communicate with the display 105. Thecomputer system 101 may be further configured to provide an interfacefor a user (e.g., a customer, a user similar or related to the customer,an eyewear professional, etc.) to view, customize, browse, and/or ordercustom products. This interface may be rendered by display 105, whichmay be either part of, or remote, from the computer system 101, invarious embodiments.

In one embodiment, computer system 101, image capture device 103, and/ordisplay 105 may communicate to collect user information (e.g., useranatomy and optical information provided via image data), analyze thecollected user information, and generate models of customized eyewearbased on the collected user information. For example, opticalinformation may be received via a direct transfer of the user'sprescription data, received via word recognition of an image/photographof the user's prescription, and/or derived from other imaging of theuser's anatomy. The computer system 101 may be configured to connect toa network 109 or other systems for communicating and transferring data.In one embodiment, network 109 may provide communication between one ormore image capture devices, displays, and/or input devices, and thecomputer system 101. For example, network 109 may be a bus and/or otherhardware connecting one or more of components and modules of one or moreimage capture devices, displays, and/or input devices, and the computersystem 101. Alternately or in addition, the computer system 101 may beconfigured to include the image capture device 103, one or more otherimage capture devices, the display 105, one or more other displays,input devices, and/or a combination thereof. The computer system 101 mayinclude or be in communication with any combination of image capturedevices, displays, input devices, or other computer system(s). In someembodiments, a user or an eyewear professional may be in communicationwith or inputting data into computer system 101. Such data may includeuser anatomy and/or viewing habits.

The computer system 101 may be configured to connect (e.g., via network109) to other computer system(s), including but not limited to servers,remote computers, etc. The other computer system(s) may be connected toor in control of the manufacturing system 107. In one embodiment,manufacturing system 107 may receive manufacturing instructions (e.g.,from computer system 101). For example, models of customized eyeweardetermined by computer system 101 may be converted into manufacturingspecifications (e.g., either by the computer system 101, manufacturingsystem 107, or a combination thereof). The manufacturing system 107 maythen produce a physical version of the customized eyewear based on themodeled customized eyewear and/or prompt the delivery of the customizedproduct to the user. For example, manufacturing system 107 may produceand/or deliver customized products using any of the methods and systemsdescribed in detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/466,619,filed Aug. 22, 2014, which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety.

FIG. 2A depicts an exemplary anatomic model 200, according to anembodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, a computersystem may receive an anatomic model of a user, who may upload, input,and/or transfer his or her anatomic data to the computer system. Forexample, a user may transfer a photograph or video of his/her facialfeatures to the computer system, e.g., from another computer system oran image capture device. In some scenarios, the computer system mayreceive measurements input by a user, e.g., the computer system mayprovide a display including one or more prompts or instructions, guidinga user to submit various forms of anatomic data. In an exemplaryembodiment, the computer system may generate an anatomic model of theuser based on image data and/or measurement data of the user's anatomy.For example, the computer system may receive image data, detect andquantify geometric measurements of one or more facial features from thereceived image data, and reconstruct an anatomic model of the face basedon methods described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/466,619,filed Aug. 22, 2014, which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety.

For example, anatomic model 200 may be comprised of a mesh 201. Theresolution of the mesh 201 may be altered based on curvature, location,and/or features on the user's face, etc. For example, mesh 201 aroundthe eyes and nose may be higher resolution than mesh 201 at the top ofthe head. In an exemplary embodiment, the anatomic model 200 may includethe front and side face area, though in other embodiments, the anatomicmodel 200 may model the entire head, while including more detail at themodeled eyes and nose. Alternative representations may include pointclouds, distance maps, image volumes, or vectors.

In an exemplary embodiment, a generalized quantitative anatomic modelmay be distorted to fit the user's face, e.g., based on anatomic datainput by the user. The model 200 may be parameterized and represented asa mesh, with various mesh points affected by adjusting parameters. Forexample, mesh 201 may include various mesh elements, such that oneparameter may constrain or influence another parameter. For example, aparameter (e.g., user expression) may influence the length 203 of mouthfeature 205, the height of cheek feature 207, and by extension, theportion of lenses that a user may be looking through. In this example,if the parameter influencing length 203 were adjusted, then theappropriate elements of the mouth 205 and cheek feature 207 (and lensportion) would adjust coordinates in order to match the parameterspecified. Other models, e.g., a shape model, may have generalizedparameters like principal components that do not correspond toparticular features but allow the generalized anatomic model to beadapted to a plurality of different face sizes and shapes.

In one embodiment, a computer system (e.g., computer system 101) mayanalyze received image data to iteratively perform a sequence of featuredetection, pose estimation, alignment, and model parameter adjustment. Aface detection and pose estimation algorithm may be used to determine ageneral position and direction the face is pointing toward, which mayaid in model position and alignment. Machine learning methods may beused to train a classifier for detecting a face as well as determiningthe pose of the head in an image that is post-processed to definevarious features, including but not limited to Haar-Like or LocalBinary. Training datasets may include of images of faces in variousposes that are annotated with the location of the face and direction ofpose, and also include specific facial features. The output may includea location of the face in an image and a vector of the direction of headorientation, or pose.

The computer system may further receive or detect the 3D position and 3Dangle and/or 3D orientation (e.g., rotation, tilt, roll, yaw, pitch,etc.) of an imaging device relative to the user, while capturing thereceived image data. In one embodiment, the position and/or orientationof the imaging device may be transmitted to the computer system, e.g.,as part of the image data. In another embodiment, the position and/ororientation of the imaging device may be detected from the image data.

In one embodiment, the computer system may iteratively define moredetailed facial features relevant to eyewear placement and general facegeometry, e.g., eye location, pupil and/or iris location, nose locationand shape, ear location, top of ear location, mouth corner location,chin location, face edges, etc. Machine learning may be used to analyzethe image to detect facial features and edges. In one embodiment, thegeneralized quantitative anatomic model parameters may be aligned andadjusted to the detected/located facial features, minimizing the errorbetween the detected feature location and the mesh. Additionaloptimization of the generalized quantitative anatomic model may beperformed to enhance the local refinement of the model using the textureinformation in the image.

In an exemplary embodiment, the generalized quantitative anatomic modelmay include parameters that influence features including but not limitedto eye location, eye size, face width, cheekbone structure, earlocation, ear size, brow size, brow position, nose location, nose widthand length and curvature, feminine/masculine shapes, age, etc. Anestimation of the error between the detected features and model may beused to quantify convergence of the optimization. Small changes betweenadjacent images in a dataset (e.g., from video image data) may be usedto refine pose estimation and alignment of the model with the imagedata. The process may iterate to subsequent image frames.

Those skilled in the art will recognize there are many ways to constructand represent quantitative information from a set of image data. Inanother embodiment, a user quantitative anatomic model may be generatedwithout a generalized anatomic model. For example, the computer systemmay use structure from motion (SFM) photogrammetry to directly build aquantitative anatomic model. The features detected in multiple images,and the relative distances between the features from image-to-image maybe used to construct a 3D representation. A method that combines ageneralized shape model with subsequent local SFM refinement may beutilized to enhance local detail of features, e.g., a user's nose shape.

In another embodiment, user quantitative anatomic model may include apoint cloud of key features that are detected. For example, the computersystem may detect and track facial landmarks/features through one ormore images. Exemplary facial landmarks/features may include the centerof the eyes, corners of the eyes, tip of the nose, top of the ears, etc.These simple points, oriented in space in a dataset, may providequantitative information for subsequent analyses. The point cloudquantitative information may be obtained using the methods previouslymentioned, or with other methods, e.g., active appearance models oractive shape models.

Technologies including depth cameras or laser sensors may be used toacquire the image data, and directly produce 3D models (e.g., a 3Dscanner), by their ability to detect distance. Additionally, the use ofout of focus areas or the parallax between adjacent images may be usedto estimate depth. Additionally, data acquired via a depth sensor may becombined with images/image data captured from an image sensor, and thetwo datasets may be combined via the methods described herein in orderto refine and achieve a higher-accuracy face mesh and/or camerapositions/orientations.

Alternatively, the user quantitative anatomic model and dimensions maybe derived from a pre-existing model of the user's face. Models may beacquired from 3D scanning systems or imaging devices. The computersystem may receive user anatomic models via digital transfer from theuser, e.g., by non-transitory computer readable media, a networkconnection, or other means.

FIG. 2B depicts an exemplary parametric model 220 of a user-specificeyewear product, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.The computer system may obtain or generate at least one parametric modelof a user-specific eyewear product including a frame portion and a lensportion. FIG. 2B includes various examples of configurations and shapesthat may be achieved by changing one or more of parameters of theparametric model 220. The parametric model 220 may include arepresentation of the eyewear product that may be modified to alterproperties, including shape, size, color, finish, etc. The parametricmodel 220 may be adapted to a variety of shapes, sizes, andconfigurations to fit a diversity of face shapes and sizes. For example,nose pads of an initial parametric model of the eyewear product may notmatch the contour of the user's nose (e.g., from a user anatomic model).The initial parametric model may instead intersect with the surface ofthe nose if the initial parametric model is aligned with or overlaidover the user anatomic model. The present computer system may configureor modify the initial parametric model such that the nose pads match thecontour and angle of the user's nose from the user anatomic model, e.g.,the nose pads are modified to sit flush against the surface of themodeled user's nose. In some embodiments, parametric model 220 may begenerated directly from user anatomic data, without obtaining an initial(e.g., generic) parametric model and modifying the initial model basedon the user anatomic data. For example, parametric model 220 may begenerated with a provided 3D model of the user's face/anatomicmeasurements of the user's face, with a 3D mesh or point cloud (e.g.,from a depth sensor), and/or another method where a parametric model maybe generated without modifying a pre-existing one.

In some embodiments, the parametric model 220 may enable adjustment ofat least one parameter, while allowing constraints to be enforced onother parameters so the model may be locally adapted, for example, byadjusting the width and angle of the nose pads on the customized eyewearproduct without changing anything else about the eyewear product. FIG.2B shows exemplary parametric model 220 configured to 16 variations. Theexemplary configurations depict variations of eyewear lens width 223,lens height 225, nose bridge width 227, the distance 229 between thetemples where the earpieces of the frame may contact a user's ears, thedistance 231 from the front of the frame to the user's ears, and otherminor dimensions. In the illustrated embodiment, the material thicknessand hinge size and location may remain unchanged. The parametricconfiguration may enable the eyewear design to be highly configurablewhile remaining manufacturable. For example, a manufacturer may use onehinge design and a single selected material thickness for all thesedesigns and more, yet still allow massive customization of theunderlying shape and size.

The parametric model 220 may include constraints that prevent certainparts/regions from being altered into a design that is no longer optimalto manufacture. For example, the minimum thickness of parts may belimited to ensure structural strength, and the minimum thickness aroundthe lenses may be limited to ensure the lenses can be assembled into theeyewear without the eyewear breaking or the lenses not being securewithin the frame. Furthermore, the hinge locations and optical surfaceof the lenses may be constrained to ensure that the modeled eyewearwould fit and sit at a proper angle for a user. Additionally, certainfeatures may be related due to symmetry or cascading effects; forexample, if the computer or user adjusted the width or thickness of onepart of the rim, the entire rim on both sides may adjust to ensure asymmetric and attractive appearance. The cascading effects may take intoaccount how symmetry to the frame extends or does not extend to thelenses. For example, two lenses in an eyewear frame may vary based onwhat each lens corrects. A parametric model 220 may be configured suchthat the thickness of the frames is adjusted according to the thicker ofthe two lenses, so that the resulting eyewear remains feeling balancedto the user, even though a frame of a lesser thickness may be sufficientto contain the thinner of the two lenses. Parametric models may begenerated and customized using any of the systems and methods describedin detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/466,619, filed Aug. 22,2014, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In addition to geometry, the parametric model 220 may include parametersfor the surface finish, color, texture, and other cosmetic properties.Parametric model 220 may include or be rendered with a multitude ofmaterials, paints, colors, and surface finishes. Various renderingtechniques known to those skilled in the art, such as ray tracing, maybe used to render the eyewear and lenses in a photorealistic manner,showing how the eyewear of the parametric model 220 may appear whenmanufactured. For example, parametric model 220 may be texture mappedwith an image to represent the surface or rendered with texture,lighting, and surface properties, including reflectance, transmission,sub-surface scattering, surface, or roughness to representphoto-realistic appearance of eyewear. Textures used for reflection maybe based on generic environment maps, or they may be generated from datacaptured by an image capture device. Environmental lighting parametersmay be extracted from the data captured by the image capture device andused to render the frame and lenses with the same lighting parameters sothat the frames and lenses appear more realistic in rendered previews.The parametric model 220 may further include such lighting and surfaceproperties for lenses of the parametric model 220, based on the lenscurvature, thickness, lens material, lens gradation, corrective aspects,etc. Corrective aspects may include whether the lenses are lenses tocorrect astigmatism, presbyopia, myopia, etc. The lens portion of theparametric model 220 may contain multi-focal lenses, which may includeat least two regions of optical correction, e.g., bifocals, trifocals,progressive, or digitally compensated progressives. For instance, theparametric model 220 may further be adapted so that the lens dimensionsfit optical corrections and/or preferences of a user. In one scenario,in addition to the lenses of the parametric model 220 modeling bifocalor progressive multifocal lenses, the placement of the various lenspowers of the lenses may vary based on the user's preferences and use ofthe customized eyewear. Like the modifications to the parametric model220 that account for the user's anatomy, modifications to the parametricmodel 220 that serve optical purposes may also enable adjustment of atleast one parameter, while constraining other parameters. For example,while the positioning of the magnified reading area within the lensshape may be user-specific for the user's preferences and viewinghabits, the actual magnification of this lens section and the gradations(if any) between magnified areas may be constrained.

The parametric model 220 may also account for lens characteristics, forexample, in a display shown to a user. For example, one embodiment mayinclude displaying the parametric model 220 on a user interface. Forinstance, a display of the parametric model 220 may include theaesthetic aspects of the eyeglass (frame and lenses), as well as asimulation of the effects of looking through the lenses, e.g., lightdistortion, or unmagnified distance and magnified reading areas,peripheral distortion (unwanted astigmatism) of a particular progressivelens design and combination of lens/frame parameters, tint (solid,gradient, and photochromatic), edge thickness, the effects of edgelenticularization, etc

Another exemplary simulation may also include displaying how a user maylook to others, while wearing the eyewear of the parametric model 220.For example, if the lenses may cause a user's eyes to look smaller to aperson seeing the user, the simulation may show the distortion to theuser's eyes. Other optical interaction effects, e.g., shadows andreflections, can be displayed on the eyewear and on a 3D model of theuser's face (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2A). The calculated thickness of theusers lens can also be rendered, in order to allow the user to determineif a higher index (and therefore thinner and more aestheticallypleasing) lens would be appropriate. The parametric model 220 mayinclude hinge points at the temples to allow the temples to flex withrespect to the frame front and fit to a model of the user's face. Inanother embodiment, the parametric model 220 may also account for anelastic modulus (stretch) in the bulk material property of the frameand/or lens, and this elastic property can be dependent on the framematerial or lens material selected.

FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary fitting and/or preview of an eyewear frameto a multifocal lens, according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. In one embodiment, FIG. 3 includes an exemplary eyewearframe 301 fitted with multi-focal lenses, where a user's eyes 302 maylook through the main portion of the lens intended for distance vision303. One embodiment may include a display of eyewear frame 301including, or not including a display of at least the user's eyes 302(e.g., where looking at the display may be analogous to the user lookingin a mirror). In one embodiment, this preview display may furtherinclude a simulation of the viewer looking at an object using thedistance vision 303 portion of the lenses. In exemplary eyewear frame304 fitted with multi-focal lenses, the user's eyes 305 may lookdownward through the exemplary reading section 306 of the lenses tofocus on a nearby object situated at location 307. One embodiment mayinclude a display of eyewear frame 304 including, or not including adisplay of the user's eyes 305 (e.g., where looking at the display maybe analogous to the user looking in a mirror). In one embodiment, thispreview display may further include a simulation of the nearby objectsituated at location 307.

In one embodiment, the portion of the lens intended for distance vision303 and the reading section 306 may be arranged or adjusted, e.g., viamodifications to sizes, positions, and/or tilt of each of the portion oflenses. These adjustments may be made as the user moves his or her eyes(e.g., while viewing a preview) and/or as various frames or framegeometries are changed. Previews of the optics/views through the variouslenses and lens portions may also be generated and updated as changesare made to the lenses, lens portions, and frames.

Multifocal optics may involve various inputs to model or optimize, e.g.,the positioning of the eyes relative to the frames, the positioning ofthe eyes relative to different portions of a lens, the positioning ofone eye of the user compared to the positioning of another eye of theuser relative to the same lens portion, whether a user is looking at adistant object or a nearby object, how each of the user's eyes alignwith the various lens portions (e.g., based on the height of the user'sears, the positioning of the user's eyes, or the shape of the user'snose, etc.), etc. For example, if the region 306 is too low or toosmall, then the user may have difficultly looking through it. If theregion 306 is not placed in the proper location with respect to theframe 304, then the user may have to rotate, tilt, or position theirhead in comfortable positions to look through region 306. The lensportion of the model may be a physical representation, e.g., athree-dimensional (3D) model, or it may be a set of numerical parametersfor making a lens, e.g., the prescription, base, and other parametersmentioned below. FIG. 4 depicts a detailed exemplary fitting of aneyewear frame to a multifocal lens, according to an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The lens portion of the parametric model may also beconfigurable with parameters including but not limited to: lens base(the curvature of the front of the lens), lens profile 401 (the outershape of the lens), lens bevel or groove shape, lens prescription,multifocal prescription, add power, coatings, pupillary distance(measured as binocular measurements 403 a or monocular measurements 403b between the center of a user's nose and pupil 402), near pupillarydistance (binocular or monocular), size and position of multifocalregions, optical center, segment height (vertical measurement inmillimeters from the bottom of the lens to the beginning of theprogressive addition on a progressive lens or the top line of a linedbifocal), optical parameters for algorithmic digital “freeform”compensation (e.g., lens configuration 408, vertex distance 409(distance from the user's eyes/pupils to the back surface of the lens),frame wrap 404, fitting/lens height 413 (vertical location of pupils inthe lens), pantoscopic tilt 410 (angle of the lens to the front of theface), etc.), and near pupillary distance (“P_(d)”) (the distancebetween pupils when one focuses on close objects during activities,e.g., reading, or other ranges of focal distance, including intermediatedistances in order to read the dashboard when driving).

Digital compensation may also include selecting lens designs based onvarious use cases. For example, algorithms for estimating lensconfigurations for a particular user may take into account the eyewear'sfunction to the user or eyewear use cases. For example, eyewear lensesdesigned for reading glasses will vary from eyewear lenses designed fora user to see distance objects. Exemplary eyewear use cases may alsoinclude whether a user is an advanced user or a new user. For example,new users may be better suited for bifocal lenses, and advanced usersmay be better suited for progressive multifocal lenses. “Digitallycompensated” progressive lenses may encompass various lens designs thatoptimize the optical performance for specific activities (e.g., enhancereading area at the slight expense of reduced distance area, or enhancedistance area at the expense of reading, or widen corridor andintermediate area at the expense of full reading area (for the purposesof driving or playing golf)). There are also various designs that mayyield short-corridor progressive optics that work with trendy shortframe designs, as well as beginner progressives that may reduce the“swim” peripheral effect at the expense of maximizing the distance orreading areas.

Changing any of the previously mentioned parameters may influence thelens design and shape, and may affect the optics of the lens. Forexample, if the reading distance, near P_(d), and location of the opticsfor reading are poorly defined, the user may not be able to comfortablywear their glasses and read. The discomfort may cause the user to movetheir head and glasses to adjust the position of the optics while tryingto focus, or render the optics unusable. Since each user's nose variesin dimensions, there is a great advantage in being able to preciselymeasure the size and shape of a user's nose, and then custom fit eyewear(lenses and frames) to perfectly fit that anatomy. Optimum comfort of aneyewear's nose pads positioned on a user's nose may be achieved if thetwo contact surfaces are aligned properly and mate such that there areno high pressure-points and if the eyewear is naturally supported in theproper position by the nose. Each user may have a unique preference asto where on his nose he prefers to wear his eyewear for maximum comfort,aesthetic, or utility. Understanding the quantitative anatomy of thenose may not only allow the frame of a customized piece of eyewear tosit precisely on the nose where desired with maximum comfort, aesthetic,and utility, but also allow a user immediate clarity and comfort inviewing objects for different tasks, according to their habits. Forinstance, the distance 407 between nosepads of the eyewear may berelated to the location of the lenses relative to a user's pupils. Thepresent system may determine the preferred viewing angle at which a userprefers to look at objects through his glasses, given the position ofthe glasses on his nose. The frame may then be adjusted to position thelenses at the optimum optical angle, and/or the lenses may be shaped inaccordance with such habits and preferences of the user (includingcompensating the optics of a lens for a frame that for aesthetic-reasonsmay position the lens in a non-optically-optimum location/orientationwith respect to the user and/or the user's use case).

FIG. 4 also shows additional measurements of the length of the temples405 and distance between the temples 406 to achieve a fit with theuser's face. Further, the brow, cheekbones, length of nose, and width ofthe head may provide limitations of where eyewear could fit on a user'sface. Other dimensions of the face, including the shape of head,curvatures, the length, shape, and angle of the nose, and more may beused to design a customized frame and lens with optimized comfort andoptics for a particular user's use of the eyewear. In other words,generating lenses for a user may take into account user anatomy and userviewing habits to achieve improved or optimum opticalperformance/clarity for the user.

FIG. 5 depicts a detailed exemplary relationship between lenses andframes for optimizing optical placement, according to an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. The locations of the pupils relative to eyewearare important to ensure good optical comfort—an optical goal may be toposition the optical center of the lens directly in front of the eye(e.g., pupil and/or iris) when the eye is staring straight-ahead.Incorrect placement can cause unwanted prism effect, which can causeheadaches and nausea. In one embodiment, algorithms may aim to optimizelenses, depending on frame shapes. For example, FIG. 5 shows twoexemplary eyewear designs: small round frames 501 and large aviatorframes 503. The optimal eye locations for frames 501 may be shown as505, well centered within the eyewear's lens opening—placing the opticalcenter of the lens at this location may result in an evenly thick lensat the edges. The optimal locations for frames 503 may be shown as 507,off-center toward the top of the lens opening. The ideal initialplacement of the eyewear may position the user's eyes as close aspossible to (e.g. directly behind) these locations, but the resultinglens edge thickness may be non-uniform and for a minus lens to treatmyopia, the lens edge may be much thicker the farther the edge is fromthe optical center of the lens. The thicker the edge of the lens, theless aesthetically desirable is the lens may be. In such a case,switching to a higher-index lens material may reduce the edge thickness,is the higher-index lens material may be more expensive and lessoptically-clear (e.g., the higher the index, the lower the abbe value,which may translate into a higher chromatic aberration).

In one embodiment, an optimization may be obtained by minimizing thedistance between: the center of the eyewear and centerline of the nose;the top of each modeled ear at the location of the intersection of thehead and the bottoms of the temples (which sit on the top of the ears);nose pads on the eyewear and surface of the nose; center point of theeyes and the design's optimal eye location; pre-determined offsetdistance between the brow and/or check bones and the specific eyewearfront-frame. As previously discussed, the optimization may also beconfigured to take into account the function of the eyewear (e.g.,eyeglasses for reading versus for seeing distant objects), how thick theeyewear is and how well corresponding frames may hide a thick lens edge,and alternately or in addition, the user's viewing habits when using theeyewear. Frames may also be configured to accommodate, not only theuser's anatomy, but the optimized lenses.

FIG. 6 depicts a detailed exemplary system 600 for assessing a user'sviewing habits for optical measurements, according to an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. The method and system described to create customproducts and eyewear may be useful to an individual user or to aphysical location (e.g., a retail store, optometrist office, etc.). Thesystem and method may be controlled, at least in part, by a customer,optician, optometrist, sales-person, or other professional assisting auser with the selection and purchase of the best frame and lenses in anoffice or retail location or through remote assistance through acomputer network. In one embodiment, system 600 may receive data from auser, e.g., via a user mobile device 601. In one embodiment, system 600may also receive data via one or more other device(s) 603. Such devicesmay include devices associated with users other than the user, devicesassociated with professionals, storage devices, etc. Exemplary devicesmay include physical (e.g., in-store) devices or remote devices (e.g.,devices operated by eyewear professionals). In one embodiment, thesystem 600 may further include one or more image capture device(s) 605.In one exemplary embodiment, the user mobile device 601 and/or thedevice(s) 603 may be configured to include one or more of the imagecapture device(s) 605. Image capture device(s) 605 may provide imagedata for assessing the user's anatomy and/or optical measurements. Forexample, system 600 may employ a single image capture device 605 orsystem 600 may employ multiple image capture device(s) 605 (e.g.,arranged in a half-circle around the user) to capture the user's anatomyand/or optical measurements from multiple viewpoints and generate one ormore anatomic models and/or parametric models of eyewear customized tothe user. Exemplary image capture device(s) 605 may include camerasattached to mobile devices, multi-camera systems, depth sensing cameras,depth sensing sensors, etc, or a combination of two or more of theaforementioned devices.

In one embodiment, system 600 may further include an assessment module607. The assessment module 607 may be configured to assess a user forthe optical measurements customized to the user's viewing habits. Forexample, assessment module 607 may include and/or generate a displayincluding a series of visual assessments and prompts for a user tocomplete to analyze corrections for the user's vision as well as theuser's viewing habits. Assessment module 607 may also capture and/orreceive the user's response to the visual assessments and prompts, andanalyze the user's response (e.g., correlating/associating the user'sresponse to certain viewing habits). Assessment module 607 may furtheroutput optical measurements (e.g., parameters for constructingcustomized lenses and/or frames for the user, based on the determineduser's viewing habits. Further detail on the functions of assessmentmodule 607 is provided in FIGS. 7 and 8.

In one embodiment, assessment module 607 may be installed on user mobiledevice 601 and/or device(s) 603 (e.g., as an mobile app). In anotherembodiment, user mobile device 601 and/or device(s) 603 may communicateremotely with assessment module 607. In yet another embodiment, anyportion of functions of assessment module 607 may be performed, at leastin part, by user mobile device 601 and/or device(s) 603. For example,the assessment module 607 may provide the visual assessments andprompts, which may be displayed to a user by a user mobile device 601.The assessment module 607 may further include directions for the user tocapture his or her response to visual assessments and prompts. Theassessment module 607 may perform an analysis of the response, andoutput the analysis for retrieval by the user mobile device 601 and/orother device(s) 603. For example, device(s) 603 may store theinformation and/or employ machine learning methods to improve knowledgeof correlations between viewing habits and optical measurements thatimprove a user's (or an eyewear product's) optical performance oroptical clarity. Any combination or division of operations may bedistributed between the user mobile device 601, device(s), image capturedevice(s) 605, and/or the assessment module 607.

In one embodiment, mobile device 601, device(s) 603, image capturedevice(s) 605, and/or assessment module 607 may be configured to includeand/or work with optometry devices or onboard sensors to measureprescription information (e.g., refraction) and automaticallyincorporate the measurements into the assessment such that no manualentering of prescription data is needed.

Preview module 609 may include hardware and/or software configured forgenerating and displaying custom previews, including visualizations ofthe customized frames or lenses. Exemplary previews may includerenderings of the customized eyewear alone, renderings of the userwearing the customized eyewear, and/or previews simulating the user'sview though the customized eyewear and/or lenses. The rendering may beoverlaid on the user's image data, anatomic model, or as a standalonerendered image of just the frame complete with lenses. In anotherexample, generating a view simulation preview may include rendering apreview of the vision through a custom eyewear model, including theshape, size, and optical properties of a lens. Exemplary previews ofthis type may include rendering a live or static scene that simulatesthe user's vision, including but not limited to distortion, area offocus, color, and other optical effects, e.g., how customized lenses mayalter a user's vision. In one scenario, such a preview may includeproviding an augmented-reality preview (over live video or of a stockimage) of the customized lenses to demonstrate the customized changes tothe lenses and how they will alter a user's vision (by distorting thelive video or stock image as if the user were looking through thelenses). This can serve to not only highlight the benefits ofcustomization, but also to guide a user towards the best symbioticrelationship between frame parameters and lens parameters to achieve acombined system that maximizes the user's style, comfort, andoptical/visual acuity. This preview can also highlight the differencesbetween subtle optical changes to lens designs (e.g., differencesbetween progressive lens designs for different activities, lengtheningthe corridor, adjusting the reading area, etc). Capturing data forgenerating user-specific models (e.g., anatomic and parametric models)and generating previews of customized eyewear is described in detail inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/466,619, filed Aug. 22, 2014, whichis incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Manufacturing system 611 may receive a customized eyewear model (e.g.,including parameters for ordering customized eyewear (frames and/orlenses) and user information e.g., via a network 613 or other form ofelectronic communication such that the manufacturer or manufacturingsystem 611 may produce the custom eyewear product. In one embodiment,manufacturing system 611 may receive manufacturing instructions (e.g.,from system 600) and/or translate data received from system 600 intomanufacturing instructions. The manufacturing system 611 may thenproduce a physical customized eyewear product based on the modeledcustomized eyewear and/or prompt the delivery of the customized productto the user. Manufacturing customized eyewear is described in detail inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/466,619, filed Aug. 22, 2014, whichis incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The user mobile device 601, device(s), image capture device(s) 605, theassessment module 607, preview device 609, and/or the manufacturingsystem 611 may communicate via network 613. In one embodiment, network613 may include the Internet, providing communication through one ormore computers, servers, and/or handheld mobile devices, including thevarious components of system 600. For example, network 613 may provide adata transfer connection between the various components, permittingtransfer of data including, e.g., the user's information, opticalmeasurement information, anatomic information, customized parametricmodel, aesthetic preferences for eyewear, prescription, etc.Alternatively or in addition, network 613 may be a bus and/or otherhardware connecting one or more of components and modules of mobiledevice 601, device(s), image capture device(s) 605, the assessmentmodule 607, preview device 609, and/or the manufacturing system 611.

FIG. 7 includes a visual depiction of an assessment of a user's viewinghabits (e.g., performed by assessment module 607), according to anembodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the assessmentmay include a computer system (e.g., of assessment module 607) obtainingmeasurement data 701 regarding a user's near and far binocular ormonocular pupillary distance and preferred close reading distance 703 ata position 705. The close reading distance 703 may include a line ofsight distance (e.g., from a user's pupils to a display on device 707(taking into account an orientation (e.g., tilt, angle, yaw, or pitch)of the display and/or device 707 in space or relative to the user'sanatomy)). Close reading distance 703 may further include x′ or y′components of distance, e.g., an angle downwards at which the pupils aredirected, relative to device 707. The assessment may be performed basedon the user responding to a display on device 707. In some embodiments,device 707 may further function as an imaging device.

FIG. 8 depicts a flowchart of an exemplary method 800 of assessing auser's viewing habits for optical measurements, according to anembodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, exemplarymethod 800 includes an assessment (e.g., prompts or visualizations) togather optical information about a user. Method 800 may be performed,for example, by a processor on a mobile device (e.g., user mobile device601 of FIG. 6). In one embodiment, step 801 may include generating anddisplaying instructions (e.g., to a user) to hold and position anassessment device (e.g., the user's mobile device) at a comfortable andnormal reading distance and position relative to the user while readingthe text on the display. In one embodiment, the user's mobile device mayalso be performing the assessment. For example, step 803 may include themobile device displaying text to be read, an image, graphics oranimation that remains static or moves around the screen, or otherinformation that a user may focus on. In another example, the display(e.g., of step 803) may include displaying varying text sizes andprompting the user to select the text size that is easy to read. In oneinstance, step 803 also includes the mobile device prompting the user tocapture the user's response to the assessment. For example, step 803 mayinclude prompting the user to audibly respond to a visualization and/orrecord the audible response during an assessment or at the end of theassessment (or steps of the assessment). Additionally, the user couldpress a button, tap an icon, slowly blink their eyes, etc. in responseto the assessment or at the end of the assessment (or steps of theassessment). Alternately or in addition, step 803 may include promptingthe user to focus on text or an image displayed on the screen (or on theimage capture device directly), and then asking the user to focus on anobject far in the distance. In some embodiments, capturing the user'sresponse may be automated (e.g., automatically performed by the user'smobile device during the assessment) and/or performed by one or moreother devices.

In another embodiment, the object to be held by the user at acomfortable reading distance and location may be a static object withprinted text or graphics (e.g., a book or other text). The system, e.g.,using a series of image capture devices or sensors, may simultaneouslytrack the position/orientation of the user, the position/orientation ofthe static object to be read, and the locations of the user's pupilsand/or irises. The object to be held can also be a mobile device withinteractive text or graphics displayed, but as before, the actualdetermining of the 3D locations of the user, pupils, and read object canbe determined by static hardware that is independent of the object heldby the user.

In another embodiment, the steps disclosed herein for visual assessmentcan be performed while the user wears a set of multi-focal, progressive,or reading glasses. In one embodiment, the user may indicate to thesystem that said glasses are present, though this detection can also beautomated such that the user need not indicate their presence for anassessment system to detect their presence. Allowing the user to wear aset of corrective optics may allow them to correctly see and focus onthe display/text at the comfortable reading distance, as the only reasonthey would perform such an assessment is if they require a magnificationaid in the first place.

In one embodiment, step 805 may include tracking the user's eyemovement. For example, as the user reads the text or follows theprompted instructions, the mobile device may activate an imagingfunction that may capture image and/or depth data of the user with oneor more cameras and/or depth sensors that may be in a known positionrelative to the displayed or highlighted text or displayed image. Bytracking the user's eyes as they perform the assessment (or steps of theassessment), step 805 may include determining if a task is complete, aswell as determining if the user performed the task correctly. Forexample, if the display showed the user a dot on the screen movingleft-to-right and asked the user to track it with his eyes, step 805 mayinclude tracking the motion of the eyes, triangulating where the eyesare focused, and determining if the eyes converged and tracked in theexpected location on the display and/or moved in the expected direction(left-to-right).

Another embodiment may include prompting the user to stare directly intothe imaging capture device when it is held at a comfortable readingdistance and location, and solving for location/orientation of theimaging capture device with respect to the user, as well as themonocular near pupillary distance.

An exemplary assessment may include a user may simply holding a book orother text to read, and an entirely separate image capture devicetracking not only the position/orientation of the text (e.g., bytracking fiducials printed on the corner of the page, by tracking theshape of the page, etc.), but also the position/orientation of the userand the position/orientation of his or her pupils and/or irises.

In one embodiment, step 807 may include matching, e.g., via a computersystem of the mobile device, captured user data to the precise positionof text or image displayed at any given moment in time, corresponding tothe user's tracked/captured data. For example, in a scenario where auser audibly reads displayed text of the assessment, step 807 mayinclude receiving microphone input and determining which word (of thedisplay) a user may be viewing/focusing on at a given moment in time. Inone embodiment, step 809 may include using the matching between thecaptured user data and displayed data, along with the calculated readingdistance, to determine viewing habits (and consequently, opticalinformation) for the user. For example, step 809 may include using thecalculated reading distance and matching between the captured user dataand displayed data to determine the magnification needed for the user'sreading power. Step 809 may further include solving, using the mobiledevice, the 3D position and tilt of the capturing device (e.g., usermobile device 601 or image capture device(s) 605) with respect to theuser's position. In doing so, step 809 may include projecting a raybetween each of the user's pupils (or irises) and the image capturingdevice (e.g., if the user was staring directly into the image capturingdevice), and/or a ray from the pupils to the text or object the user wasinstructed to focus on. The location of the intersection of these tworays with the lenses (positioned in the eyewear) may include thelocations where the center of the reading section of the lenses shouldbe positioned. In addition, the pantoscopic tilt of the frames (andthereby the lenses held in the frames) can also be adjusted to achievean optimum balance between the best optical properties when the user isfocused straight-ahead on an object far in the distance, and when theuser is focused on an object at a comfortable reading distance/location.

Moreover, the pantoscopic tilt may be an important input variable to thedigitally-compensated lens algorithms, so that the resultant lens mayminimize optical distortion(s) that may result in said positioning ofthe lens in front of the eye. For example, by adjusting the pantoscopictilt of the frame (and thereby the lens), the lens algorithms need notwork as hard to compensate for the tilt of the lens at extreme locationson the lens. Furthermore, with the advent of variable-base-curveprogressive lenses, the ideal pantoscopic tilt at any given position ofthe lens can be more assuredly achieved by optimizing across, e.g., thetilt of the frame, the compensation within the digital lens design,and/or the additional tilt introduced due to the variable (increasing)base curve of the lens as you move down towards the reading section ofsaid lens. By allowing the user to hold an imaging device (or objectthat is tracked by an external imaging device) at the position they findmost comfortable, the system or assessment may also account for anyleft/right bias the user prefers when it comes to location of the idealreading location. If the user's ideal reading location is biased 6inches to their right (perhaps due to a right eye that is more dominantthan the left eye), such a system may correctly calculate said location,calculate the rays that pass from the user's pupils to the readingtarget, calculate their intersection with the lens, and determine thecorrect reading locations for the left and right lens (and a bias of 6inches to the right would correspond to a proportional shift to theright of 1-2 mm of the center of the reading section in both the leftand right eye).

Step 809 may further include analyzing the user's response to promptsasking the user to focus on text or an image displayed on the screen,and then asking the user to focus on an object far in the distance,wherein the recorded image/depth data of the user's response may be usedto compare near monocular or binocular P_(d) to distancemonocular/binocular P_(d). As previously disclosed, the user's 3Danatomic model may include the monocular distance P_(d) as a labeledvertex of the mesh. If the mesh is scaled appropriately, comparing thedistance P_(d) to near P_(d) may provide a scaled measurement of nearP_(d).

FIG. 9 depicts a flowchart of an exemplary method 900 of customizing aneyewear product based on the gathered optical information, according toan embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, method 900 mayinclude a method of adjusting the parametric eyewear model and adjustinglens parameters (e.g., of the parametric model), for example, method 900may include analyzing an anatomic model of a user and adjusting aconfigurable parametric model of an eyewear product to fit the user'sanatomy and viewing habits. In one scenario, method 900 may includeoptimizing the parametric eyewear model to fit with the user's anatomy.The method may include calculating modifications to at least oneparameter and updating the parametric model. Detailed descriptions ofhow parametric models may be optimized and adapted are described in U.S.patent application Ser. No. 14/466,619, filed Aug. 22, 2014, which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In one embodiment,method 900 may be performed by a computer system, e.g., a computersystem of user mobile device 601 in FIG. 6.

In one embodiment, step 901 may include receiving and/or generating aconfigurable parametric eyewear model. The configurable parametriceyewear model may include information regarding the user's anatomy andfacial features, the precise dimensions, size, and shape of theparametric eyewear model, the spatial relationship between the eyewearmodel and the anatomic model, etc.

In one embodiment, step 903 may include obtaining, e.g., by a computersystem, and image and/or depth data of the user viewing the display(e.g., of step 903 of method 800.) For example, the image and/or depthdata may be captured while a user is reading text or graphics on adisplay, or staring directly at the display (or imaging device) or offat an object in the distance. Additionally, step 903 may includereceiving additional information regarding the position and orientationof the capturing device providing the image and/or depth data. Forexample, the capturing device may be equipped with sensors, e.g.,gyroscopes, accelerometers, barometers, depth sensors, depth provided bymulti-camera sensors, etc. Step 903 may include the computer systemreceiving position or orientation information from the capturing device.The image or depth data may be captured in multiple images or multiplepositions of the user or multiple images of the user reading such thattheir eyes move about the screen or static text in different positions.These multiple images may be analyzed by the computer system to eitherreduce error of any one measurement or to perform measurements in threedimensions by using multiple images to triangulate the positions thatare measured. Additionally, a depth sensor may already provide 3D datathat may be intrinsically scaled. Additionally, the computer system mayuse multiple images of the user's eye reading text to determine a regionof optimal viewing position versus a single location that may beobtained from a single image.

In one embodiment, step 905 may include receiving user-provided input,e.g., the smallest size of text the user can read without any opticalaid (progressive lenses or reading lenses)—this input may be used todetermine the amount of magnification power the user requires. Aspreviously disclosed, methods can be used to allow the system to know ifthe user is correctly performing a visual assessment, as well asdetermining when said assessment is complete. The user may indicate tothe system that they are wearing corrective or magnified optics, thoughas also previously described the system may be able to automaticallydetect this and appropriately compensate for thecorrection/magnification.

In one embodiment, step 907 may include analyzing the user's viewinghabits using the computer system. For example, step 907 may includingdetermining the user's viewing habits by evaluating image data of theuser reading text to determine the location of facial features and thealignment of an anatomic model of the user to the captured user imagedata. For example, the computer system may determine the location of theface, the location of specific facial features (including but notlimited to the eyes, nose, pupils, eye corners, ears, etc.), andoptimize camera parameters to align the anatomic face model with thedetected facial features in the captured image data and/or depth data.The spatial position and orientation of the eyewear model relative tothe captured image data may be based on an alignment of the anatomicmodel with the image data and/or depth data. The computer system mayanalyze the image/depth data to determine the location of the eyes(e.g., pupils and/or irises) (FIG. 3, 305), which may be focusing (FIG.3, 307) on the text that is being read by the user at the time of imageacquisition. The computer system may use any of a variety of techniquesto detect the pupils or irises. For example, the computer system may usea machine learning technique that is trained on a database of prior datato detect pupils in image data based on histograms of oriented gradients(HOG), scaled invariant feature transform (SIFT) features of userimage(s), and/or via Hough Circle Transform(s). Once the pupils aredetected, the computer system may associate the location of the pupilswith the anatomic model and the eyewear model. The distance between thepupils, e.g., the near P_(d), may be determined from the scaleassociated with the models. Additionally, the distances between thepupils, the camera, and text that was read on the display may bedetermined based on known and determined camera parameters and/or depthinformation.

In one embodiment, step 909 may include determining optical informationfor the optical parameters of the configurable parametric eyewear model(e.g., of step 901), based on the user's viewing habits (e.g., of step907). For example, the computer system may determine the optimallocation to position the close distance (e.g., reading) optics relativeto the rest of the lens and/or frames of the configurable parametriceyewear model. For instance, by calculating rays between the pupils andthe text location that was read (relative to the camera location), thecomputer system may estimate the line of vision for each eye. Theintersection of the ray and the lens, as positioned in the framerelative to the anatomic model, may be calculated as well. Thisintersection may represent the ideal center of placement of thenear-distance optics (either a region in a progressive lens or a bifocalor trifocal lens).

In one embodiment, step 911 may include modifying the configurableparametric eyewear model (e.g., of step 901) based on the determinedoptical information. For example, the frame of the parametric model maybe updated to adjust the pantoscopic tilt of the lens in order toachieve the ideal optical placement and angle of the near-distanceoptics with respect to the ray (discussed for step 909). The size of theregion for placement of near-distance optics, for example, may bedetermined based on the overall shape and size of the lens, the digitallens design, the location of the intersection, and/or the angle andposition of the user's preferred reading position relative to theeyewear and anatomic models.

In one embodiment, once parameters for the lens are determined (e.g.,the front and back surface contours, distance P_(d), prescription, basecurve (or variable base curve), vertex distance, pantoscopic tilt,reading distance, reading P_(d), segment height, reading sectionposition, etc.), the parameters may be transferred to an optical lab orequipment to produce a custom lens meeting the specification used forthe specific frames and the user's anatomy. In an exemplary embodiment,the frame of the configurable parametric eyewear model may be adjustedto match the optically best position and orient a stock lens. In anexemplary embodiment, the frames and/or lenses may be rendered andpreviewed, as previously discussed.

In an alternate embodiment, the frame and lens design may be produced oroptimized together. The optical parameters used to the design the lensmay be known, e.g., the vertex distance (how near or far the lens isfrom the eye), pantoscopic tilt (the angle of the lenses relative to theeye, which is especially important for reading distances when a personlooks down through the lens). One advantage of a custom and personalizedframe design is the ability to optimize parameters to best suit theindividual user. For example, if a user regularly reads while lookingdown at an extreme angle, he may benefit from having a higherpantoscopic tilt (which is a frame parameter), a reading region that ispositioned lower on the lens, and lenses that are taller and positionedlower on the face. A frame could be customized to accommodate tallerlenses, and the frame could be adjusted to be positioned lower on theuser's face. Or, if a user's nose bridge is very low, she may havetrouble seeing through the lenses at their desired reading position anddistance because normal frames may position the optics too close to herface. This user's customized eyewear product may include a vertexdistance optimized to place the lenses at an ideal distance.

As another example, for a user suffering from myopia, the higher theminus power of the lens, the lower (or flatter) the ideal base curve ofthe lens to be used. If one inserts a base 2 lens (which may be veryflat) in a frame that is designed for a base 6 lens (usual plano(non-Rx) lens that may have much more curvature), the lens may flattenout the frame and the temples may splay out, causing distance 229 inFIG. 2B to grow far too large to wear (and possibly far too large tomanually adjust (heat and bend) the frame to fit). Conversely, if a base6 lens is inserted in a frame designed for base 2, the temples may splayin and distance 229 in FIG. 2B may be far too small. Moreover, thecurvature of the frame may fight the curvature of the lens that isinserted, which may cause the lens to pop out of the frame or causepremature failure of the material(s) (e.g., the lens and/or frame cancrack). In the systems and methods described herein, however, for agiven user's prescription, there may be an ideal base curve of thesuitable lens. The parametric frame model can be adjusted such that itmay be manufactured with the correct curvature to match the lens, andthe temple length and temple splay angles can be adjusted with thevalues specific to that base curve.

In another embodiment, the parametric frame model can have its lensopenings manufactured with an internal draft angle that matches theedged surface of any prescription lens (e.g., including those edged on anon-5-axis edging machine). This may allow the lens to be inserted inthe frame without a mismatch that may cause in unwanted splay of thetemples. On some 5-axis lens edging machines, the surface of the edge ofthe lens may be milled to be perpendicular to the front surface of thelens. As the base curve of the lens increases, so too may the angle ofthe lens edge (e.g., the sides of the cut lens). However, less-expensivesome edging machines may mill or grind the edge of the lens parallel tothe optical axis of the lens (or at a fixed angle). Therefore, thehigher the base curve, the greater the mismatch may be between the lensedge surface and the corresponding edge in in the lens hole in theframes. By updating the parametric model to have its internal lens holesmanufactured with angles that match those of an edged lens, the lens mayfit correctly and the temples may remain undistorted.

In one embodiment, step 911 may further include optimizing theconfigurable parametric model. The inputs to optimizing the personalizedframe and lens designs may concurrently include: the user's anatomicmodel, the parametric eyewear model, and the image data (or depth data)of the user reading or looking at the display of the computer system,and other sensor data from the imaging device (gyro, accelerometer,etc). The process for analyzing the image data to determine the pupillocations, alignment of the anatomic model, and the direction of visionwhile reading may be the same as previously described. The differencemay lie in how the eyewear and lens models may be adapted.

An exemplary embodiment of optimization may include establishing a costfunction for the various parameters of interest in the eyewear and lensdesigns. The parameters may include but are not limited to: the contourand size of the lens, lens base curve, vertex distance, pantoscopictilt, reading section position, reading section size, the position ofthe eyewear on the nose, lens edging parameters, etc. By running such anoptimization, one can achieve an output or outputs that achieve the bestdesired output, which can be a weighted balance of aesthetics, comfort,fit on the face, fit of the lens in the frame, optical acuity fordistance viewing, optical acuity for reading, etc.

Other frame parameters that are not directly related or are influencedby the optical parameters may be optimized as well. An optimizationfunction known to those familiar with the art, e.g., least squares, maybe employed to set the parameters for the eyewear and lens models.Alternatively, some implementations may solve the parametersanalytically without optimization if they can be directly solved.

Alternatively, the previously mentioned system and method may be appliedwith default, non-parametric eyewear. In this embodiment, the eyewearframe may not be adapted to the user and only the lens parameters may beadjusted. This may enable automatic and accurate fitting of multi-focalor progressive lenses to any traditional off-the-shelf frame for anindividual.

In another embodiment, all the methods and techniques described hereinare applied to the customization, rendering, display, and manufacture ofcustom eyewear cases. A user could select from a plurality of materials,colors, designs, shapes, and features and see an accurate rendering ofthe case on his display. Moreover, the case can automatically be sizedto fit the custom eyewear designed such that the case securely containsthe eyewear. For example, the case can be automatically designed tocustom fit the eyewear such that it minimizes the size of the case andincreases the case's ability to protect the eyewear in transport. Thecase color, style, and materials, and method of manufacture can also bematched to those used to make the custom eyewear. Custom text, e.g., thename of the user, may be engraved or marked on or in the case. The sameeyewear manufacturing techniques described herein may also be used tomanufacture the custom cases.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that the systems and methodsdescribed herein may also be used in the customization, rendering,display, and manufacture of other custom products. Since the technologydescribed applies to the use of custom image data, anatomic models, andproduct models that are built for customization, a multitude of otherproducts is designed in a similar way, for example: custom jewelry (e.g.bracelets, necklaces, earrings, rings, nose-rings, nose studs, tonguerings/studs, etc.), custom watches (e.g., watch faces, bands, etc.),custom cufflinks, custom bow ties and regular ties, custom tie clips,custom hats, custom bras, Inserts (pads), and other undergarments,custom swimsuits, custom clothing (jackets, pants, shirts, dresses,etc.), custom baby bottle tips and pacifiers (based on scan andreproduction of mother's anatomy), custom prosthetics, custom helmets(motorcycle, bicycle, ski, snowboard, racing, F1, etc.), custom earplugs(active or passive hearing protection), custom audio earphone (e.g.,headphone) tips (over-the-ear and in-ear), custom Bluetooth headset tips(over-the-ear or in-ear), custom safety goggles or masks, and customhead-mounted displays.

It would also be apparent to one of skill in the relevant art that thepresent disclosure, as described herein, can be implemented in manydifferent embodiments of software, hardware, firmware, and/or theentities illustrated in the figures. The operational behavior ofembodiments may be described with the understanding that modificationsand variations of the embodiments are possible, given the level ofdetail presented herein. It is to be understood that both the foregoinggeneral description and the following detailed description are exemplaryand explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosedembodiments, as claimed.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled inthe art from consideration of the specification and practice of theinvention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification andexamples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spiritof the invention being indicated by the following claims.

1-20. (canceled)
 21. A computer-implemented method for generating aparametric model of a user-specific eyewear product, using a computersystem, the method comprising: receiving a configurable parametric modelof a user-specific eyewear product comprising a frame portion and a lensportion, wherein geometric parameters of the configurable parametricmodel are based on geometric features of a user's anatomy; detecting themovement of the user's eyes based on media data; determining opticalinformation of the user based on the detected movement of the user'seyes; determining, based on the determined optical information, one ormore geometrical parameters for the frame portion or for the lensportion of the received configurable parametric model; and generatingone or more manufacturing specifications of the user-specific eyewearproduct based on the determined geometrical parameters.
 22. The methodof claim 21, further comprising: generating an updated configurableparametric model based on the determined one or more geometricalparameters; and generating a display comprising the updated configurableparametric model.
 23. The method of claim 21, wherein the opticalinformation includes one or more of prescription information, lens type,lens thickness, lens curvature, lens size, optical design parameters,interpupilary distance, vertex distance, frame wrap, pantoscopic tilt,eyewear and frame outline, corrective needs of the user, the user'sviewing habits, or a combination thereof.
 24. The method of claim 21,further comprising: determining a modification to the frame portion ofthe configurable parametric model in response to a modification to thelens portion of the configurable parametric model, or determining amodification to the lens portion of the configurable parametric model inresponse to a modification to the frame portion of the configurableparametric model.
 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the modificationto the lens portion of the configurable parametric model or themodification to the frame portion of the configurable parametric modelincludes a modification to a geometry of the lens portion of theconfigurable parametric model or a modification to a geometry of theframe portion of the configurable parametric model.
 26. The method ofclaim 24, further comprising: determining one or more geometricconstraints, material constraints, or optical constraints of theconfigurable parametric model, wherein the modification to the lensportion of the configurable parametric model or the modification to theframe portion of the configurable parametric model is based on the oneor more geometric constraints.
 27. The method of claim 21, furthercomprising: producing a physical rendering of the user-specific eyewearproduct based on the generated manufacturing specifications.
 28. Themethod of claim 21, further comprising: generating and displaying, tothe user, a preview including the configurable parametric model and/or asimulation of a view through a lens of the updated configurableparametric model.
 29. A system for generating a parametric model of auser-specific eyewear product, the system comprising: a data storagedevice storing instructions for generating a parametric model of auser-specific eyewear product; and a processor configured to execute theinstructions to perform a method including: receiving a configurableparametric model of a user-specific eyewear product comprising a frameportion and a lens portion, wherein geometric parameters of theconfigurable parametric model are based on geometric features of auser's anatomy; detecting the movement of the user's eyes based on mediadata; determining optical information of the user based on the detectedmovement of the user's eyes; determining, based on the determinedoptical information, one or more geometrical parameters for the frameportion or for the lens portion of the received configurable parametricmodel; and generating one or more manufacturing specifications of theuser-specific eyewear product based on the determined geometricalparameters.
 30. The system of claim 29, wherein the system is furtherconfigured for: generating an updated configurable parametric modelbased on the determined one or more geometrical parameters; andgenerating a display comprising the updated configurable parametricmodel.
 31. The system of claim 29, wherein the optical informationincludes one or more of prescription information, lens type, lensthickness, lens curvature, lens size, optical design parameters,interpupilary distance, vertex distance, frame wrap, pantoscopic tilt,eyewear and frame outline, corrective needs of the user, the user'sviewing habits, or a combination thereof.
 32. The system of claim 31,wherein the system is further configured for: determining a modificationto the frame portion of the configurable parametric model in response toa modification to the lens portion of the configurable parametric model,or determining a modification to the lens portion of the configurableparametric model in response to a modification to the frame portion ofthe configurable parametric model.
 33. The system of claim 32, whereinthe modification to the lens portion of the configurable parametricmodel or the modification to the frame portion of the configurableparametric model includes a modification to a geometry of the lensportion of the configurable parametric model or a modification to ageometry of the frame portion of the configurable parametric model. 34.The system of claim 32, wherein the system is further configured for:determining one or more geometric constraints, material constraints, oroptical constraints of the configurable parametric model, wherein themodification to the lens portion of the configurable parametric model orthe modification to the frame portion of the configurable parametricmodel is based on the one or more geometric constraints.
 35. The systemof claim 29, wherein the system is further configured for: producing aphysical rendering of the user-specific eyewear product based on thegenerated manufacturing specifications.
 36. The system of claim 29,wherein the system is further configured for: generating and displaying,to the user, a preview of the user-specific eyewear product and/or asimulation of a view through a lens of the of the user-specific eyewearproduct.
 37. A non-transitory computer readable medium for use on acomputer system containing computer-executable programming instructionsfor generating a parametric model of a user-specific eyewear product,the method comprising: receiving a configurable parametric model of auser-specific eyewear product comprising a frame portion and a lensportion, wherein geometric parameters of the configurable parametricmodel are based on geometric features of a user's anatomy; detecting themovement of the user's eyes based on media data; determining opticalinformation of the user based on the detected movement of the user'seyes; determining, based on the determined optical information, one ormore geometrical parameters for the frame portion or for the lensportion of the received configurable parametric model; and generatingone or more manufacturing specifications of the user-specific eyewearproduct based on the determined geometrical parameters.
 38. Thenon-transitory computer readable medium of claim 37, the method furthercomprising: generating an updated configurable parametric model based onthe determined one or more geometrical parameters; and generating adisplay comprising the updated configurable parametric model.
 39. Thenon-transitory computer readable medium of claim 37, wherein the opticalinformation includes one or more of prescription information, lens type,lens thickness, lens curvature, lens size, optical design parameters,interpupilary distance, vertex distance, frame wrap, pantoscopic tilt,eyewear and frame outline, corrective needs of the user, the user'sviewing habits, or a combination thereof.
 40. The non-transitorycomputer readable medium of claim 39, the method further comprising:determining a modification to the frame portion of the configurableparametric model in response to a modification to the lens portion ofthe configurable parametric model, or determining a modification to thelens portion of the configurable parametric model in response to amodification to the frame portion of the configurable parametric model.